The current study considers how the Internet facilitates wildlife trafficking, which is broadly defined here as the illegal trade of any wild plant or animal (live specimens, dead parts, and derivative products) from the moment of the initial capture, breeding, or harvesting to purchase by the final buyer. For instance, it has been underlined that criminal networks involved in drug trafficking use the Internet to deliver their products more effectively, to communicate through encrypted messages, or to counter the work of law enforcement agencies through digital attacks (Walsh EMCDDA ), while human traffickers exploit the Internet to both recruit and exploit victims (Hughes Sykiotou ). However, as regards the relationship between traditional transit crimes and the Internet, apart from the vague statement that the Internet is a facilitator of organized criminal activities (EUROPOL ), so far only a few traditional transit crimes-such as drug and sex trafficking-have been subject to systematic analysis. In cyberspace criminals can take advantage of more rapid and secure communications. The benefits from using the Internet are certainly not lost on criminal networks involved in so-called transit crimes-i.e., criminal trafficking activities (Kleemans ) a.

The commercialization of the Internet, like any other technological change, has modified the environment in which crime operates.

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